Springer Handbook of Microscopy

Peter Hawkes received his Ph.D. in Physics from the University of Cambridge in 1963, after which he continued his research on electron optics, and in particular on aberration theory and image processing, in the Cavendish Laboratory until 1975. He then moved to the CNRS Laboratory of Electron Optics in Toulouse, of which he was Director in 1987, and published extensively on electron lens aberrations and theoretical aspects of image processing. In 2002, he was awarded the status of Emeritus CNRS Director of Research. He has been President of the French Microscopy Society and was Founder-President of the European Microscopy Society.

John Spence FRS received his Ph.D. in Physics from Melbourne in 1973 followed by post-doctoral work in Oxford, UK. He joined John Cowley's electron microscopy group in Physics at Arizona State University in 1977 where he is Regent's Professor of Physics. His group has undertaken research in diffraction physics and novel microscopieswith applications in condensed matter physics, materials science and structural biology. He is currently Director of Science for an NSF consortium of seven US universities in the development and application of free-electron X-ray lasers to biology.