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Robinson Crusoe ist ein Roman von Daniel Defoe, in dem die Geschichte eines Seemannes erzählt wird, der als Schiffbrüchiger rund 28 Jahre auf einer Insel verbringt. Das Buch erschien 1719. Das literarische Motiv des Eingeschlossenseins auf einer Insel wird nach ihm auch als Robinsonade bezeichnet. Der Ich-Erzähler und Protagonist Robinson Crusoe wird 1632 in York als Sohn eines nach England ausgewanderten Bremer Kaufmanns mit dem ursprünglichen Namen Kreutzner (Kreutznaer) geboren. Sein Vater schärft dem jungen Robinson ein, er gehöre in den Mittelstand, und warnt ihn eindringlich davor, zur See zu gehen, dort würde er untergehen. Robinson Crusoe missachtet diese Ermahnungen und wird auf einer seiner ersten Fahrten vor der Küste Nordafrikas von Piraten überfallen und versklavt...(Wikipedia)
作者简介
Daniel Defoe (c. 1660-1731) was a pioneering English writer, journalist, and pamphleteer whose life and work left an indelible mark on literature and society. Born to a family of Dissenters, Defoe's early life was shaped by the religious and political turbulence of 17th-century England. He initially pursued a career in trade, which exposed him to the economic and social dynamics that would later permeate his writing.Defoe's literary career began with political pamphleteering, where his sharp wit and keen observations often landed him in trouble. His most famous pamphlet, "The Shortest Way with the Dissenters," led to his arrest and public humiliation in the pillory, an experience he later satirized. This incident underscored his fearless critique of authority and his advocacy for religious and political tolerance.A master of diverse genres, Defoe is best known for his groundbreaking novel "Robinson Crusoe," which is often credited as one of the first English novels. His ability to blend fact with fiction and his innovative narrative techniques influenced contemporary writers and laid the groundwork for modern realistic fiction. Defoe's works often explored themes of survival, human resilience, and the complexities of social and economic life, resonating with readers across generations.Defoe's legacy extends beyond literature; his journalistic endeavors, including the establishment of "The Review," one of the earliest periodicals, showcased his commitment to informed public discourse. His life, marked by financial struggles, political intrigue, and relentless creativity, continues to captivate and inspire, offering a window into the transformative power of storytelling and the enduring quest for truth and justice.
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