This book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the First International Conference on Biologically Inspired Music, Sound, Art and Design, EvoMUSART 2012, held in M├бlaga, Spain, in April 2012, colocated with the Evo* 2012 events EuroGP, EvoCOP, EvoBIO, and EvoApplications. Due to its significant growth in the last 10 years, this 10th EvoMUSART event has become an Evo* conference in 2012. The 15 revised full papers and 5 poster papers presented were carefully reviewed and selected from 43 submissions. They cover a wide range of topics reflecting the current state of research in the field, including theory, generation, computer aided creativity, computational creativity, and automation.