Der scharlachrote Buchstabe

Nathaniel Hawthorne

2021년 1월 · Otbebookpublishing

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Der scharlachrote Buchstabe, im Original The Scarlet Letter, ist ein Roman von Nathaniel Hawthorne, erschienen 1850. Er gilt als eines der bedeutendsten Werke der amerikanischen Literatur. Die Handlung des Romans spielt in einer strenggläubigen Siedlung in Neuengland zu Zeiten des amerikanischen Puritanismus, also gegen Ende des 17. Jahrhunderts. Hawthorne erzählt die Geschichte der Ehebrecherin Hester Prynne, die trotz öffentlicher Anprangerung den Vater ihres illegitimen Kindes nicht nennen will (ihr Ehemann gilt zunächst als auf See verschollen). Zur Strafe muss sie jederzeit ein scharlachrotes "A" auf ihrer Brust tragen. Der Leser erfährt bald, dass es sich beim Vater des Kindes, einer Tochter namens Pearl, um Arthur Dimmesdale, den Pfarrer des Dorfes, handelt.

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Nathaniel Hawthorne (1804-1864) stands as a towering figure in American literature, renowned for his exploration of moral complexity and the human condition. Born in Salem, Massachusetts, Hawthorne's lineage included a judge involved in the infamous Salem witch trials, a fact that haunted and influenced his dark, introspective writing style. His works often delve into themes of sin, guilt, and redemption, reflecting the Puritanical roots of his upbringing.Hawthorne's early life was marked by seclusion and intense literary apprenticeship. After graduating from Bowdoin College, where he befriended future president Franklin Pierce and poet Henry Wadsworth Longfellow, he spent years in relative isolation, honing his craft. His breakthrough came with the publication of "Twice-Told Tales" in 1837, a collection of short stories that garnered critical acclaim.Hawthorne's most celebrated novels, "The Scarlet Letter" (1850) and "The House of the Seven Gables" (1851), cemented his reputation as a master of American fiction. "The Scarlet Letter," in particular, is lauded for its pioneering exploration of complex female characters and its critique of societal norms, making it a staple in discussions of feminist literature.Controversially, Hawthorne was ambivalent about the burgeoning Transcendentalist movement, despite his close association with its leaders, such as Ralph Waldo Emerson and Henry David Thoreau. His skepticism about their idealism is evident in his satirical work, "The Blithedale Romance" (1852).Hawthorne's influence extends to contemporary writers who admire his psychological depth and narrative innovation. His legacy endures as a foundational voice in American literature, continually inviting readers to ponder the moral intricacies of human nature.