About Violence
About this ebook
To unravel the complexity of violence, it is necessary to distinguish between the individual act and the broader context of aggression at the community level, each of which requires different perspectives and approaches. While recognising the interconnectedness of these forms, we will make a clear distinction between individual violence, rooted in psychological factors and personal experience, and community violence, fuelled by societal inequalities, structural issues and cultural dynamics.
We seek to explore in depth the psychological roots of individual violence, including mental illness, anger management issues and the significant role of substance abuse in triggering or escalating violent behaviour. We analyse specific examples, delving into the motivations behind acts of aggression to illuminate the complex interplay of factors that contribute to such behaviour. We then broaden our scope to examine the societal factors that give rise to community violence, including social inequalities, economic hardship, gang activity and the influence of cultural and ideological differences. The analysis will include a deep dive into the complex dynamics of gang violence and disputes, highlighting the impact of community disorganisation. The discussion will also extend to the profound consequences of violence at both individual and societal levels, examining the long-term physical and psychological effects on victims, the economic costs, and the erosion of trust and social cohesion within communities. We will outline comprehensive strategies for violence prevention and intervention, emphasising the need for multi-stakeholder collaboration and highlighting the effectiveness of community-based initiatives, educational programmes and policy recommendations. Ultimately, we hope to contribute to a more informed and effective approach to reducing violence and building safer, more peaceful communities for all.
About the author
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Resultados da tradução
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Artur Victoria is a Researcher at OBSERVARE – Observatory of Foreign Relations of the Autonomous University of Lisbon (UAL) and a lecturer for non-governmental organizations.
He has a degree in Law from the University of Lisbon. He holds the National Defense Course. He holds certificates such as: Trainer of Trainers (Ordem dos Advogados), Refresher Course from the National Defense Institute, Corruption Control (Open Society Hungary).
He was Founder of the Colégio Luso Internacional in Portugal, Representative in Europe of the Federation of Portuguese Culture, Founder and President of the Luso-Brazilian Legal Institute, Representative in Europe of the Association of Graduates of the Escola de Diplomados Superior de Guerra – Brazil, Society of Friends of the Brazilian Navy, among others.
He practiced law for 21 years, was an Elected Member of the Sectional Council of the Portuguese Bar Association and an Intern Supervisor at the OA. Author of five Law books, he writes articles on ethics and security on academic websites.
HE WAS RECOGNIZED BY THE FOLLOWING MENTIONS AND DECORATIONS FOR HIS WORK: Honorary mentions: Brazil – Honorary Member of the Brazilian Air Force; Brazil – Emeritus Collaborator of the Brazilian Army; Brazil – Honorary Member of the Submarine Force;
Institutional decorations: Brazil – Adesguiano Merit Medal; Brazil – Marshal Mascarenhas de Morais Medal;
Official decorations: – 2014 Brazil – Friend of the Navy Medal (Brazilian Navy) 2015 Portugal – Medal of Merit of the Portuguese Army D. Afonso Henriques – silver degree 2015 – Brazil – Order of Aeronautical Merit – Knight degree (Brazilian Air Force) 2017 – Brazil – Tamandaré Merit Medal (Brazilian Navy) 2019 Brazil – Order of Naval Merit – Knight degree (Brazilian Navy) 2020 – Portugal – Medal of the Cross of Saint George 1st degree 2020 – Brazil – Order of Aeronautical Merit – Officer degree (Brazilian Air Force) 2021 Brazil – Order of Naval Merit – Officer degree (Brazilian Navy) 2023 Brazil – Order of Rio Branco – Knight degree – 2023 Brazil – Order of Rio Branco Merit – 2024 Brazil – Commander of the Order of Naval Merit.
